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If Hippocrates helped medicine become a profession, and the Alexandrians showed that it can and should do research, then marketing taught her Galen-a man whose talent for PR was at least as much as his talent as a doctor. Galen was born in the II century, now our era, in one of the Greek provinces of the Roman Empire in the family of a wealthy and educated architect. At the insistence of his father, the son began to study the art of medicine and traveled a lot, learning from different teachers. Galen had enough money to put off his practice and spend many years studying – making him one of the most educated doctors of his time. Only in thirty one year he finally arrived in Rome and began work…

Although Hippocrates's ideas were one of the first attempts to create a model of health and disease without the involvement of supernatural forces, his contemporaries did not take the step that now seems natural to us – did not hurry to get the knowledge that lay only at a distance of a knife blade, hidden under the skin. Ancient doctors did not dissect corpses; the source of their ideas about the internal structure were the few autopsies of animals and observations of deep cavity wounds. There were several reasons for this. First, in Ancient Greece, and then in Ancient Rome, there was a ban on the opening of the human body. A dead body was considered unclean, and anyone who came into contact with it had to undergo a long…

Thanks to the emergence of writing about medicine ancient Mesopotamia we know much more, than about priests prehistoric civilizations. Cuneiform clay tablets brought to us information about both the healers and the medicines they used, including methods of manufacture and prescriptions for use. It is in Mesopotamia that the first division of the ancient profession known to us is planned into two: the priests who exorcised evil spirits were engaged in health, and the doctors – manufacturers of drugs. But the line between the two types of medicine was blurred: treatment was always accompanied by prayers that were supposed to give the drugs strength. Medicines were prepared from plants and minerals, and despite many different formulations, almost all of them were useless. The exceptions were two herbal painkillers: opium and…

Magical ideas about the causes of the disease dictate the appropriate methods of treatment. If the disease can move into the body, why not try to force or cunning to drive it out of the patient? Historians and ethnographers have documented in detail the incredible ingenuity with which mankind has tried to move the disease to another, more appropriate place. Almost any objects, plants or animals could become the new receptacle of the disease. The ancient Egyptians put pork to their sick eyes, so that evil spirits moved there. For the same reasons, migraine was treated by applying fish heads to its head. The weakened inhabitants of the Moluccas beat themselves with stones, which they then threw away, believing that the weakness had moved from the suffering body to the…

One of the main myths of medicine is that it was invented by human civilization. In fact, it appeared long before us. We will never know who was the first living creature to resort to natural medicines, or what social animal first helped rid another member of its species of parasites. But we can be sure that this behavior contributed to survival, and therefore was fixed in the process of natural selection. Now we can observe both self-treatment and medical mutual assistance in a variety of animals starting with relatively simple insects. Infected fly larvae caterpillars of butterflies of mole crickets eat the leaves that contain toxic alkaloids. And, apparently, the drug is quite effective: this behavior increases the chances of caterpillars to survive. And fruit flies infected with rider…

Throughout the period of study of the clinic of mental disorders in epilepsy, there was a desire of researchers to identify two main features of these conditions: their structural features and duration. This trend remains dominant today. However, these two clinical signs are considered comparatively rarely in terms of their relationship with the main characteristics of the disease – the type and stage of the course of epileptic disease. In accordance with the objectives of the present work reproduced the literature data soposta - us have been made with the data obtained in the course of our own research. At the same time, we tried to consider the structure and dynamics of mental disorders in epilepsy, correlating its productive and negative psychopathological manifestations and, if possible, using the syndromes present…

Of course, the parents of a child who has had an epileptic attack or has already been diagnosed with epilepsy, are concerned about many issues that they would like to discuss with the doctor. They are worried about the future of the child: how this disease will affect the fate of their daughter or son, his studies, choice of profession, whether he will be happy in his personal life, whether he will be able to create a family, have healthy children. At the same time, they are very concerned about questions concerning the near future, the answer to which should be received as soon as possible. Will the attacks happen again? How can you help the treatment of the child? What is the mode of the day must respect the…

Some forms of epilepsy, with characteristic clinical manifestations, always begin in childhood, and in certain years of the child's life. Clinical manifestations of seizures in these forms of epilepsy are associated with immaturity of the brain. As you grow older, attacks of this type are no longer observed: they either pass or transform into other types of attacks. For example, infantile spasms (West's syndrome) — attacks in the form of "nods", "folding" ("Salaam attacks") begin in the first months of life and are observed only in the first year of life. In children older than 1 year, these attacks are transformirovalsya or in other attacks the falls, the attacks of the "fading", the tonic and tonic-clonic seizures and. West Syndrome often goes into another severe form of childhood epilepsy syndrome,…

Most vaccinations are no more dangerous for children with epilepsy than for healthy children! However, some vaccinations for children with epilepsy are contraindicated: vaccinations against whooping cough, diphtheria, typhoid, paratyphoid and cholera. Is DTP desirable to do TD. Often there are clinical situations when parents associate the debut of epilepsy with vaccination. It should be borne in mind that the beginning of most forms of epilepsy falls on early childhood, at a time when most vaccinations are done, and therefore some children have a simple coincidence in the time of the beginning of epileptic seizures with vaccination. Other children have a febrile reaction (fever) to some vaccinations in combination with the development of febrile seizures without long-term consequences. Allergic reaction to the components of the vaccine in rare cases leads…

When a child reaches adolescence, parents meet with new problems. Adolescents often seek to "get out of parental control" and become independent, although they are not ready to take responsibility for their lives and health. In adolescence, the character often deteriorates, the child becomes bold and uncontrollable, tends to spend more time in the company of friends. Adolescence is associated with such important risk factors that worsen the course of epilepsy as irregular sleep (lack of sleep, early awakening), improper fulfillment of doctor's appointments, powerful photo stimulation (a teenager often spends a lot of time at the computer, in front of the TV, goes to concerts of modern music and discos), alcohol intake, the first drug test, the first sexual experience (which can be associated with a stressful situation), etc.…